The Kushan Prince Kanishka became ruler in the year; UPSC (Pre) GS Exam-1991

UPSC (Pre) GS: Paper-1 Exam-1991; 

Question: 5

The Kushan Prince Kanishka became ruler in the year: 

(a) 178 B.C.

(b) 101 A.D.

(c) 58 B.C.

(d) 78 A.D.

ANSWER: (d) 78 A.D.

Explanation: 

Kanishka: The Emperor Who Ruled a Vast Empire

In the year 78 A.D., a remarkable figure named Kanishka ascended to the throne as emperor. His reign marked a significant period in history, as his empire extended across vast territories, encompassing regions from southern Uzbekistan and Tajikistan to Pakistan and Northern India. Let us delve into the fascinating story of Kanishka and his empire.

The Extent of Kanishka's Empire:

Kanishka's empire was truly expansive, stretching from the northern banks of the Amu Darya (Oxus) river in the northwest to the southern regions of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. It reached as far as Mathura in the southeast, with the Rabatak inscription even claiming his control over Pataliputra and Sri Champa. Additionally, his dominion included the picturesque region of Kashmir, where a town named Kanishkapur was established in his honor. Even today, remnants of a grand stupa can be found in this town, serving as a testament to his influence.

Patronage of Buddhism:

One of the notable aspects of Kanishka's reign was his patronage of Buddhism. He held a deep reverence for the teachings of Buddha and played a pivotal role in the promotion and preservation of Buddhist traditions. In 78 A.D., Kanishka convened the 4th Buddhist Council in the serene Kundalvana of Kashmir. This council served as a platform for Buddhist scholars and monks to gather and discuss important matters pertaining to the faith. It was a significant event that contributed to the development and dissemination of Buddhist philosophy.

Legacy and Significance:

Kanishka's reign left an indelible mark on the history of the region. His empire not only encompassed vast territories but also fostered cultural exchange and religious harmony. The influence of his patronage can still be felt in the architectural remnants and Buddhist artifacts found in various parts of his empire. Kanishka's support for Buddhism helped in the preservation of Buddhist scriptures and the spread of the faith to new regions.

Kanishka, the emperor who rose to power in 78 A.D., ruled over a vast empire that spanned from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan to Pakistan and Northern India. His patronage of Buddhism and the convening of the 4th Buddhist Council in Kashmir showcased his commitment to the faith. Today, his legacy lives on through the remnants of his empire and the enduring influence of his reign. Kanishka's story serves as a testament to the rich history and cultural diversity of the region he once ruled.

Resources for Further Exploration:

If you're interested in delving deeper into the topic of Kanishka and his empire, here are some recommended resources:

1. "Kanishka the Great: Emperor of Northern India" by R.C. Majumdar - This book provides a comprehensive account of Kanishka's life, reign, and the historical context in which he ruled.

2. "The Kushan Empire: A Comprehensive Study of Kanishka and His Successors" by E. V. Cowell - This scholarly work offers detailed insights into the Kushan Empire, with a specific focus on Kanishka and his successors.

3. "The Buddhist Architecture of Gandhara" by Kurt A. Behrendt - This book explores the architectural legacy of the Gandhara region, which was an integral part of Kanishka's empire. It provides a visual journey through the Buddhist art and architecture of the time.

4. "The Kushans" by John Rosenfield - This resource offers a broader perspective on the Kushan Empire, including Kanishka's reign, through a combination of historical analysis and artistic interpretations.

Note: To find more resources on this topic, you can refer to academic journals, historical websites, and libraries that specialize in ancient history and Asian studies.