UPSC (Pre) GS: Paper-1 Exam-1991;
Question: 10
10. Meenakshi Temple is located at
(a) Tanjore
(b) Mekhla
(c) Madurai
(d) Mahabalipuram
Answer: (c) Madurai
Explanation:
The Meenakshi Temple, also known as the Meenakshi Amman Temple or Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple, is one of the most significant and ancient temples in India. It is located in the bustling city of Madurai in the southern state of Tamil Nadu. Here's a more detailed overview:
Certainly! The Meenakshi Temple, also known as the Meenakshi Amman Temple or Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple, is one of the most significant and ancient temples in India. It is located in the bustling city of Madurai in the southern state of Tamil Nadu. Here's a more detailed overview:
Historical Significance:
The Meenakshi Temple has a rich and storied history, with references to it dating back to ancient Tamil Sangam literature. It is considered one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.
The temple complex has witnessed various phases of construction and renovation over the centuries, contributing to its architectural diversity.
Deities:
The temple is primarily dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi, an avatar of Parvati, the consort of Lord Shiva. Meenakshi is depicted with a third eye on her forehead.
Lord Shiva is also worshipped here as Sundareshwarar, and he is considered Meenakshi's consort.
Architecture:
The Meenakshi Temple is renowned for its remarkable Dravidian architecture. It features towering gopurams (ornate gateway towers) adorned with intricate sculptures and vibrant paintings.
The temple complex covers an extensive area and is divided into several concentric enclosures, each housing various shrines, halls, and courtyards.
The main sanctum sanctorum, or the innermost shrine, is dedicated to Meenakshi and Sundareshwarar. It is the focal point of the temple complex and is a site of intense devotion.
Festivals and Celebrations:
The temple hosts numerous festivals throughout the year, with the most famous being the "Meenakshi Thirukalyanam" or the divine wedding of Meenakshi and Sundareshwarar. This grand ceremony attracts thousands of devotees.
Other significant festivals include Navaratri (nine nights dedicated to the goddess), Pongal, and Chithirai Thiruvizha, which marks the Tamil New Year.
Religious Significance:
The Meenakshi Temple is not only a place of worship but also a cultural and spiritual hub. It plays a vital role in the religious and cultural life of Madurai and Tamil Nadu.
Pilgrims from all over India and beyond visit the temple to seek the blessings of Meenakshi and Sundareshwarar.
Architecture and Art:
The temple's architecture is a testament to the Dravidian style, characterized by its towering gopurams (temple towers), intricately carved pillars, and colorful frescoes.
The temple's artwork includes depictions of various Hindu deities, mythological stories, and scenes from daily life.
Conservation and Recognition:
The Meenakshi Temple is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting its cultural and historical significance.
Ongoing efforts are made to preserve and restore the temple's art and architecture to maintain its grandeur for future generations.
Tourism:
Besides its religious importance, the Meenakshi Temple attracts a significant number of tourists and history enthusiasts from around the world who come to admire its architectural and artistic beauty.
The Meenakshi Temple stands as a remarkable example of India's rich cultural and religious heritage and remains an essential pilgrimage site and tourist attraction, offering a blend of spirituality, history, and artistry.
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